C nested structure

Structure within Structure : Nested Structure

• Structure written inside another structure is called as nesting of two structures.
• Nested Structures are allowed in C Programming Language.
• We can write one Structure inside another structure as member of another structure.

Way 1 : Declare two separate structures

struct date
{
   int date;
   int month;
   int year; 
};
struct Employee
   {
   char ename[20];
   int ssn;
   float salary;
   struct date doj;
}emp1;

Accessing Nested Elements :

1. Structure members are accessed using dot operator.
2. ‘date‘ structure is nested within Employee Structure.
3. Members of the ‘date‘ can be accessed using ‘employee’
4. emp1 & doj are two structure names (Variables)

Explanation Of Nested Structure :

Accessing Month Field :  emp1.doj.month   
Accessing day Field   :  emp1.doj.day  
Accessing year Field  :  emp1.doj.year

Way 2 : Declare Embedded structures

struct Employee
{
   char ename[20];
   int ssn;
   float salary;
   struct date
       {
       int date;
       int month;
       int year; 
       }doj;
}emp1;

Accessing Nested Members :

Accessing Month Field :  emp1.doj.month   
Accessing day Field   :  emp1.doj.day  
Accessing year Field  :  emp1.doj.year

Live Complete Example :

#include <stdio.h>
struct Employee
{
   char ename[20];
   int ssn;
   float salary;
   struct date
       {
       int date;
       int month;
       int year; 
       }doj;
}emp = {"Pritesh",1000,1000.50,{22,6,1990}};
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf("\nEmployee Name   : %s",emp.ename);  
printf("\nEmployee SSN    : %d",emp.ssn);  
printf("\nEmployee Salary : %f",emp.salary);  
printf("\nEmployee DOJ    : %d/%d/%d", \
         emp.doj.date,emp.doj.month,emp.doj.year);  
return 0;
}

Output :

Employee Name   : Pritesh
Employee SSN    : 1000
Employee Salary : 1000.500000
Employee DOJ    : 22/6/1990