C Program to Swap two numbers using XOR Operator
Generally Swaping two number requires three variables , Let’s Take look at Procedure of swaping two Number
For Swaping Two numbers following procedure is used -
1 2 3 | x = x ^ y --> x^=y -- (1) y = y ^ x --> y^=x -- (2) x = x ^ y --> x^=y -- (3) |
Now we will Explaining above three statements using example ….
Let x = 12 and y = 9 [ For our sake and simplicity consider number is of 4 bits ]
1 2 | x = 1100 y = 1001 |
X-OR Table :
| A | B | A X-OR B |
| 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
Step 1 : After : x = x ^ y
1 2 3 4 5 6 | x = 1100 y = 1001 ---------- x^y = 0101 ---------- x = 0101 ..... New Value of x |
Step 2 : After y = y ^ x
1 2 3 4 5 6 | x = 0101 ..... New Value is taken y = 1001 ..... Old Value of Y ---------- y^x = 1100 ---------- y = 1100 ..... New Value of y = Initial x |
Step 3 : After x = x ^ y
1 2 3 4 5 6 | x = 0101 ..... New Value from step 1 y = 1100 ..... New Value of y from Step 2 ---------- y^x = 1001 ---------- x = 1001 ..... New Value of x = Initial y |
Here is Program for : [Swap / Interchange two variables [numbers] without using Third Variable]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | #include<stdio.h> int main() { int num1, num2; printf("\nEnter First Number : "); scanf("%d", &num1); printf("\nEnter Second Number : "); scanf("%d", &num2); num1 = num1 ^ num2; num2 = num1 ^ num2; num1 = num1 ^ num2; printf("\n Numbers after Exchange : "); printf("\n Num1 = %d and Num2 = %d", num1, num2); return(0); } |
Output :
1 2 3 | Enter First Number : 20 Enter Second Number : 40 Numbers after Exchange : num1 = 40 and num2 = 20 |